The causes of poor indoor animal husbandry vary, but more often it is an unsatisfactory situation in the economy, especially the microclimate. The microclimate of the building is affected by changes in temperature and humidity, the presence of gases, dust, and microorganisms.
Poultry releases body heat by breathing, releasing water. The excrement contains about 75 percent of moisture, as do broken or poorly adapted water devices. Defective or poorly adapted water devices also moisten the bedding. Muddy and damp litter contributes to the development of microorganisms.
Dry air and moisture lead to poultry dehydration, cannibalism, and poor production results. Due to the dryness of the bedding, a large amount of dust is formed and ammonia increases. This is formed by the decomposition of organic substances, containing nitrogen such as feces and urine, being stacked on the litter. It mainly affects the respiratory system of animals and causes a decrease in mucus secretion and impaired function of the squamous epithelium. There is a high possibility that animal excrement is a carrier of infectious and invasive material and endangers the health of animals and humans.